#Braille to text converter portable

Elfte Konferenz Elektronische Sprachsignalverarbeitung, Cottbus, Germany. 17–20įant, G., 1960, Acoustic Theory of Speech Production, Mouton & Co., ‘s-Gravenhageįellbaum, K., 2000, Elektronische Sprachsignalverarbeitung – Stand der Technik, Zukunftsperspektiven. in Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Montreal, Canada, Vol. 701–704Įichner, M., Wolff, M., and Hoffmann, R., 2004, Voice characteristics conversion for TTS using reverse VTLN, In: Proc. Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP), Beijing, China, Vol. Kluwer, DordrechtĮichner, M., Wolff, M., and Hoffmann, R., 2000, A unified approach for speech synthesis and speech recognition using stochastic Markov graphs. An Introduction to Text-to-Speech Synthesis. Reprint: John Wiley & Sons 1999ĭutoit, T., 1997. Discrete-Time Processing of Speech Signals. Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken, New Jerseyĭeller, J.R., Proakis, J.G., and Hansen, J.H.L., 1993. Foundation and evolution of standardized coders. World Scientific Publishing Co., SingaporeĬhu, W.C., 2003, Speech coding algorithms. Handbook of Optical Character Recognition and Document Image Analysis. and Workshop on Assistive Technologies for Vision and Hearing Impairment (CVHI 2001), Castelvecchio Pascoli, Italy, 7 p.īunke, H., and Wang, P.S.P.

#Braille to text converter portable

149–155īruynooghe, J., 2001, EuroScope: Development of a wireless portable Braille organiser for visually impaired. The Fourth International ACM SIGCAPH Conference on Assistive Technologies (ASSETS’00), Arlington, VA, pp. 703–728Īrnold, S.C., Mark, L., and Goldthwaite, J., 2000, Programming by voice, VocalProgramming. World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, pp.

329–332Īntonacopoulos, A., 1997, Automatic reading of Braille documents, In: Bunke, H., Wang, P.S.P. on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP), Denver, Vol. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.Īlvarez, Y., and Huckvale, M., 2002, The reliability of the ITU-T P.85 standard for the evaluation of text-to-speech systems. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. The section on Braille conversion has additional material on more specialised Braille applications like Braille refreshable displays, reading machines and access to telecommunication devices. These sections describe the technological principles used and the equipment and applications that follow. Then, this is followed by sections that examine the three technologies speech-to-text, text-to-speech and Braille conversion in detail. The spectral analysis of speech is an important theoretical and practical component of this introductory material.

The chapter opens with a presentation on the fundamentals of speech and text conversion technologies. The everyday application of these technologies in making information and computers accessible to the visually impaired is an important assistive technology area. These are enabling technologies that allow speech to be converted into text as might happen in the creation of a letter, that allows text to be converted into speech as might happen in the reading of a book for enjoyment and then, the additional steps taking text into Braille for the Braille user. This chapter is devoted to the fascinating triangle of conversion technologies that arise between text, speech and Braille.